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"Lyon (Arpitan: Liyon), often Anglicized as Lyons, is a city in east-central France in the region Rhône-Alpes, situated between Paris and Marseille. Its name is pronounced [ljɔ̃] in French and Arpitan, and /liːˈɒn/ or /ˈlaɪ.ənz/ in English. Lyon is located at 470 km from Paris, 320 km from Marseille, 160 km from Geneva, 280 km from Turin, 450 km from Milan and 600 km from Barcelona. The residents of the city are called Lyonnais (singular and plural).
Lyon is a major centre of business with a reputation as the French capital of gastronomy and having a significant role in the history of cinema due to Auguste and Louis Lumière. The local professional football team, Olympique Lyonnais, has increased the profile of Lyon internationally through participation in European football championships.
The population of the city of Lyon is 472,305. Together with its suburbs and satellite towns, Lyon forms the second-largest metropolitan area in France after that of Paris, with the population of its urban area estimated to be 1,348,832 (Insee, 1999) and that of its metropolitan area 1,748,271 (2006). Its urban region (Urban Community of Lyon), represents half of the Rhône-Alpes région population with three million inhabitants.[1] Lyon is also a major industrial centre specializing in chemical, pharmaceutical, and biotech industries. The city also contains a significant software industry with a particular focus on video games.
Lyon is the préfecture (capital) of the Rhône département, and also the capital of the Rhône-Alpes région. The city is known for its historical and architectural landmarks and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Lyon was historically known as the silk capital of the world. The city is known as the culinary capital of France. It also hosts the international headquarters of Interpol, Euronews, International Agency for Research on Cancer. Lyon is a pilot city of the Council of Europe and the European Commission Intercultural cities programme.
The tourism industry is really beneficial to Lyon with one billion euros in 2007 and 3.5 million hotel nights from foreigners in 2006. Approximately 60% of tourists visit for business, with the rest for leisure. In January 2009, Lyon is in first place of the hostels business in France. The main tourist festivals are the Fête des lumières also known as the festival of lights. The Nuits de Fourvière, annual festival in June and August. The Biennale d'art contemporain. The Nuits Sonores
These are the main sights in Lyon.
The Roman ruins on the hillside near the Fourviere Basilica with the Ancient Theatre of Fourvière, the Odeon of Lyon and the accompanying Gallo-Roman Museum.
Amphitheatre of the Three Gauls, roman ruins of an amphiteatre.
Cathédrale Saint-Jean, medieval cathedral of Lyon with architectural elements of the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries. It is the principal religious structure in Lyon.
Basilica of St-Martin-d'Ainay is one of the rare surviving Romanesque basilica-style churches in Lyon.
Église Saint-Paul, Romanesque (12 and 13th century) and Gothic (15-16th century) church.
Église Saint-Bonaventure, 14th- and 15th-century Gothic church.
Eglise Saint-Nizier, Gothic church from the 15th century. Its doorway was carved in the 16th century by Philibert Delorme.
Vieux Lyon (English: Old Lyon) area – Medieval and Renaissance quarter of the town, with cobbled streets, shops, and dining.
The many Renaissance hôtels particuliers of the Old Lyon quarter, such as the Hôtel de Bullioud, also built by Philibert Delorme.
Town Hall (17th century) on place des Terreaux, built by architects Jules Hardouin-Mansart and Robert de Cotte.
Musée des beaux-arts de Lyon, fine arts museum housed in a former convent of the 17th century, including the Baroque chapelle Saint-Pierre.
Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon, 17th and 18th century historical hospital with a baroque chapel.
Temple du Change (17th and 18th century), former stock exchange of Lyon, Protestant temple since the 18th century.
Place Bellecour, one of the largest square in Europe.
Chapelle de la Trinité (1622), the first Baroque chapel built in Lyon, it was part of the former Ecole de la Trinité, now Collège-lycée Ampère.
Église Saint-Polycarpe (1665–1670), Classical church.
Église Saint-Just, 16th- to 18th-century Classical church.
Saint-Bruno des Chartreux, 17th- and 18th-century church, masterpiece of Baroque architecture.
Église Notre Dame Saint-Vincent, 18th-century Neoclassical church.
Opéra National de Lyon (1831), renovated in 1993 by Jean Nouvel.
Basilica of Notre-Dame de Fourvière, large 19th century basilica on the top of Fourvière Hill.
Tour métallique de Fourvière (1894).
La Mouche Cattle Market and Abbatoir (1914, 1928), designed by Tony Garnier.
Sainte Marie de La Tourette monastery (1960) designed by Le Corbusier
Saint-Exupéry International Airport (formerly Satolas Airport, 1975), designed by Guillaume Gilbert.
Gare de Lyon Saint-Exupéry (1994) by Santiago Calatrava.
Cité Internationale (1998), designed by Renzo Piano. It is a group of buildings for various functions.
Tour du Crédit Lyonnais
Tour Oxygène
Tour Incity
Musée des beaux-arts de Lyon (Fine Arts Museum), main museum of the city and one of the largest art galleries in France. Housed in the "Palais Saint Pierre", a former 17th century convent, it displays a major collection of paintings (Tintoretto, Paolo Veronese, Nicolas Poussin, Rubens, Rembrandt, Zurbaran, Canaletto, Delacroix, Monet, Gauguin, Van Gogh, Cézanne, Matisse, Picasso, Francis Bacon...), collections of sculptures, drawings and printings, decorative arts, roman and Greek antiquities, the second largest collection of Egyptian antiquities in France after that of the Louvre and a medal cabinet of 50 000 medals and coins.
Gallo-Roman Museum, it displays many valuable objects and artwoks found on the site of roman Lyon (Lugdunum) like the Circus Games Mosaic, Coligny calendar or the Taurobolic Altar.
African Museum of Lyon
Centre d'histoire de la résistance et de la déportation
Musée des Confluences, planned future museum of Sciences and anthropology.
La Sucrière, contemporary art center.
Musée des Tissus et des Arts Décoratifs, decorative arts museum.
Musée d'art contemporain de Lyon, contemporary art museum.
Musée Gadagne, museum of the history of Lyon housed in a historical building of the Vieux-Lyon qaurter.
Jardin botanique de Lyon (8 hectares), included in the Parc de la Tête d'Or, is a municipal botanical garden located in the Parc de la Tête d'Or, Lyon, Rhône, Rhône-Alpes, France. It is open weekdays without charge.
The garden was established in 1857 as a successor to earlier botanical gardens dating to 1796, and now describes itself as France's largest municipal botanical garden. Today it contains about 15,000 plants, including 3500 plants of temperate regions, 760 species of shrubs, a hundred species of wild roses, 750 varieties of historical roses, 200 varieties of peonies recognized by the Conservatoire Français des Collections Végétales Spécialisées (CCVS), 1800 species of alpine plants, 50 varieties of water lilies, and 6,000 species in its greenhouses.
The garden's greenhouses enclose a total of 6,500 m2 (69,965.42 sq ft) in area, and include a central pavilion for tropical plants including camellias over a hundred years old; a greenhouse-aquarium with Amazonian water lilies; a Dutch greenhouse containing carnivorous plants; small greenhouses with orchids; and small cold greenhouses with azaleas, cactus, and so forth.
Parc de la Tête d'Or, (literally, Golden Head Park), in central Lyon is the largest urban park in France at 117 hectares. Located in the 6th arrondissement, it features a large lake on which boating takes place during the summer months. Due to the relatively small number of other parks in Lyon, it receives a huge number of visitors over summer, and is a frequent destination for joggers and cyclists. At the northern end of the park, there is a small zoo, with giraffes, elephants, tigers and other animals. There is also sporting equipment, such as a velodrome, boules court, mini-golf, horse riding, and even a miniature train.
Parc de Gerland, in the south of the city (20 hectares in 2000, 80 hectares in the end).
Parc des hauteurs, in Fourvières.
Parc de Miribel-Jonage, (300 hectares).
Parc de Lacroix-Laval, (115 hectares).
Parc de Parilly, (178 hectares)."